Many of the medications we frequently use to relieve pain, control reflux, or help us sleep can be effective in the short term. However, prolonged or inappropriate use can lead to side effects, interactions, or risks that are important to be aware of in order to use them more safely.
1. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) – such as ibuprofen and naproxen
NSAIDs, such as ibuprofen, are commonly used to relieve muscle pain, headaches, or symptoms of inflammation. They are effective, but frequent or prolonged use can affect the kidneys, irritate the stomach, or increase blood pressure .
Tip: If you need pain relief frequently, talk to your healthcare provider to discuss alternatives or the safest dosage.
2. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) – such as omeprazole and esomeprazole
These medications reduce stomach acid production and are often prescribed for acid reflux or heartburn . While effective, using them beyond the recommended time can hinder the absorption of nutrients like calcium or vitamin B12, and in some cases, affect kidney function.
Tip: Use them at the dosage and duration prescribed by your doctor and consider dietary changes to lessen your symptoms.
3. Paracetamol (acetaminophen) – like that found in many common painkillers
Paracetamol is one of the most widely used painkillers in the world because it is generally gentler on the stomach than other anti-inflammatories. However, taking more than the recommended dose or combining products containing it can damage the liver .
Tip: Respect the maximum daily dose indicated, avoid alcohol if you use it frequently, and check the labels of other medications to avoid doubling up on the active ingredient.
4. Sedatives and certain anxiolytics/sleep aids
Medications used to help you sleep or reduce anxiety can be helpful in the short term, but over time they can create tolerance or dependence, and affect memory or balance.
Tip: Limit their use to the recommended period and explore sleep hygiene strategies or relaxation techniques as a complement.
5. Sedating antihistamines – such as diphenhydramine
Some antihistamines commonly used for allergies or as a sleep aid can cause drowsiness, confusion, or dry mouth , especially in older adults.
Tip: For allergies, choose non-sedating alternatives if you need to stay alert, and always consult a doctor if you have any concerns about side effects.
General advice for the use of medications:
Always read the labels: Know what the medicine is for, what the recommended dose is, and what its warnings are.
Avoid combinations without consulting: Some medications can interact with each other or with food/alcohol, increasing unnecessary risks.
Consult healthcare professionals: If you take multiple medications or plan to use them for an extended period, it is helpful to review them with your doctor or pharmacist.
Record your usage: Keeping track of when and why you take each medication helps your healthcare team assess whether you still need it.
A better understanding of the medications we use frequently allows us to use them more safely and effectively . Information and communication with healthcare professionals are key tools for minimizing risks and maximizing benefits.